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In 1907 a .45 caliber Luger ran through U.S. Army trials at Springfield Armory, then vanished, while its surviving sibling later sold for $494,500 as collectors argued over whether it was ever at the tests. That unfinished quality is the whole draw of prototype and pre-series guns, and this guide sorts out the terms, the provenance problems, the legal flags, and the prices real examples have brought.

documented fact, and that’s worth real money to serious collectors. This piece looks at where the practice started, what the major archives actually offer, and where the paper trail can still mislead you.

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